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A BSTRACT Background Domestic violence is the most common cause of nonfatal injury to women in the United States. To identify risk factors for such injuries, we examined the socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics of women who were victims of domestic violence and the men who injured them. Methods We conducted a case–control study at eight large, university-affiliated emergency departments...

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In the absence of interventions to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), studies show that between 25% and 45% of HIV-infected breast-feeding women pass the virus to their infants. The rate of HIV transmission through breast-milk ranges from 12% to 26%, depending on the duration of breastfeeding, the time since HIV infection and the presence of mastitis or other systemic infections. HIV c...

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Page 281 Allomones are defensive chemicals used by many small and slow moving animals for protection against predators. These irritant chemical mixtures are widespread in arthropods and often contain aldehydes as constituents such as (E)-2-alkenals which contain a double bond between the alpha and beta carbon atoms. The chain lengths of these repellents can vary in chain length which is in the ...